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substance abuse. Once a child is born,       Poor relationship with peers;
                 neglect may involve a parent or carer failing  Untreated medical problems;
                 to:                                          Compulsive stealing and scavenging;
                 provide food, clothing and shelter;          Rocking, hair twisting, thumb sucking;
                 protect a child from physical and emotional  Running away;
                 harm or danger;                              Low self-esteem.
                 ensure adequate supervision;
                 ensure access to appropriate medical care
                 or treatment.
                 Physical Abuse                               Physical signs that do not tally with the
                 May involve hitting, shaking, throwing,      given account of occurrence conflicting or
                 poisoning, burning or scalding, drowning,    unrealistic explanations of cause repeated
                 suffocating or otherwise causing physical    injuries delay in reporting or seeking
                 harm to a child. Physical harm may also be   medical advice.
                 caused when a parent or carer fabricates
                 the symptoms of, or deliberately induces
                 illness in a child
                 Sexual Abuse                                 Sudden changes in behaviour
                 Forcing or enticing a child to take part in   Displays of affection which are sexual and
                 sexual activities, not necessarily involving a  age inappropriate
                 high level of violence, whether or not the   Tendency to cling or need constant
                 child is aware of what is happening. The     reassurance
                 activities may involve physical contact,     Tendency to cry easily
                 penetrative or non-penetrative acts and      Regression to younger behaviour – e.g.
                 also includes involving children in watching  thumb sucking, acting like a baby
                 pornographic material or watching sexual     Unexplained gifts or money
                 acts.                                        Depression and withdrawal
                                                              Wetting/soiling day or night
                                                              Fear of undressing for PE
                 Emotional Abuse                              Rejection
                 The persistent emotional maltreatment of a  Isolation
                 child such as to cause severe and persistent  child being blamed for actions of adults
                 adverse effects on the child’s emotional     child being used as carer for younger
                 development. It may involve conveying to     siblings
                 children that they are worthless or          affection and basic emotional care
                 unloved, inadequate, or valued only insofar  giving/warmth, persistently absent or
                 as they meet the needs of another person.   withheld.

               Prevent
               The Counter Terrorism & Security Act 2015
               The Act places a Prevent duty on settings to have “due regard to the need to prevent people
               from being drawn into terrorism”.
               Settings subject to the Prevent Duty will be expected to demonstrate activity in the
               following areas
                     Assessing the risk of children being drawn into terrorism
                     Demonstrate that they are protecting children and young people from being drawn
                       into terrorism by having robust safeguarding policies.
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